The impact of corporate social responsibility on organisational Essay

The effect of corporate social obligation on hierarchical viability - Essay Example The article additionally centers the estimation of those segments for the partners of the organizations. The article further isolates the moral segment of the corporate social obligation all together ton relate it to some significant ethic the executives draws near, which incorporate good, corrupt, and flippant administrations. I think the writer of the article has composed the article in an all around organized arrangement. The article is anything but difficult to peruse, just as straightforward for the perusers. All segments of the article are efficient and give an away from of the author’s contemplations. The article is likewise founded on the coherent realities about the centrality of corporate social obligation in accomplishing more significant levels of efficiency. The writer has additionally centered around moral and good; the executives approaches which is likewise a significant piece of the article. The article identifies with our exploration such that it makes us mindful of ways administrators can utilize corporate social obligation to satisfy their duties that they owe towards their investors and other contending gatherings. This article focal points of how directors can utilize account to make the association socially capable and responsive. Obviously, money consistently assume a basic job in pretty much every authoritative issue and corporate social duty is no exemption. The creator puts his perspectives on the analysis with respect to corporate social obligation that it is of little hugeness of organizations as it utilized for the most part as an instrument of improving advertising. The article uncovers that numerous associations really consolidate corporate social duty in their every day business exercises however are unconscious of the best approach to report that responsiveness in a proper manner. Additionally, the article centers around how bookkeepers can utilize their insight in creating CSR and announcing the measurements to show the hierarchical inclusion in social responsiveness. I have seen the article as helpful in learning the job of

Theories of Leadership Free Essays

Expert and Staff Development FSPSD200 Leadership Theory Simplified Allisen Penn Assistant Professor  ­ Leadership Development â€Å"Pop leadership† reasoning has large amounts of our way of life today. Book shops have retires brimming with books on leaderâ ­ transport. Pioneers and authority are examined every day on teleâ ­ vision, radio, papers, magazines and on the web. We will compose a custom exposition test on Hypotheses of Leadership or then again any comparative theme just for you Request Now Subsequently, many blended messages about authority are communicated. So †how would you choose what is precise? Peruse within front of an initiative book and you may find that the book is more about manageâ ­ ment and business than administration. An agazine or paper may simply communicate the assessment of a renowned individual about authority. While the point of view of a notable chief or the knowledge offered in a book might be important, you might need to ask †is this data bolstered by explore? A comprehension of the current initiative research may assist you with forming your own sentiment about what is acceptable authority. When you figure out what is acceptable leaderâ ­ transport, you can start to build up your own authority approach. Arkansas Is Our Campus Visit our site at: http://www. uaex. edu What is administration? There are nearly the same number of meanings of leaderâ ­ hip as there are books and suppositions about administration. You might need to charac terize initiative for yourself. Compose your meaning of initiative: A usually acknowledged meaning of authority is a procedure utilized by a person to impact a gathering of individuals toward a shared objective (Bass, 1990; Howell and Costley, 2001). Maxwell (1993) basically expresses that initiative is impact. The accompanying review of initiative hypotheses is planned to give an outline of a portion of the examination directed on administration over the most recent 50 years. There is a rundown of proposed perusing (page 4) to assist you with studying the speculations cap bid to you. College of Arkansas, United States Department of Agriculture, and County Governments Cooperating Seven Common Views of Leadership Describe underneath: There are some normal convictions, which incorporate both truth and fiction, about initiative that can be summed up into seven perspectives on authority (Lee and King, 2001). 1. The Genetic View †Some individuals are brought into the world with auth ority gifts and others are most certainly not. Just certain individuals can figure out how to lead successfully; they are naturals. On the off chance that you don't have this inalienable ability, there is no other viable option for you. 2. The Learned View †If you study initiative arefully and practice, you can figure out how to be a viable pioneer, regardless of whom you are. It might be said, this is something contrary to the hereditary view. This view is regular in the military and among initiative advancement experts. 3. The Heroic View †The main great pioneers are the individuals who perform brave, astute and compasâ ­ sionate accomplishments that all of us can’t. Think about the film jobs played by Gary Cooper, Jimmy Stewart and John Wayne. The observation is this is the kind of pioneers who get all of us in the clear. 4. The Top-Only View †Leadership just occurs at or near the highest point of an association. Every other person â€Å"just follows orders. † If you are not the chief, you are nothing. In the event that you are the chief, you are all that anybody could want. Being â€Å"the boss† is a definitive objective. 5. The Social Script View †When it is your legitimate go to be the pioneer, you will be inquired. When asked, you ought to acknowledge and be appreciative. All things considered, not every person is inquired. This methodology is regular in proficient affiliations and municipal or network associations. 6. The Position View †If you are in the activity and have the title, you are a pioneer. This thought is tradiâ ­ tional in organizations and profoundly organized rganizations and conveys some legitimacy even in the best frameworks. On the off chance that your title is expressed â€Å"director of†¦Ã¢â‚¬  or â€Å"head of†¦,† your administration temperances are accepted. 7. The Calling View †Although not really a strict encounter, a â€Å"call† to lead can be very convincing. This idea recommends that pioneers have a feeling of crucial reason. Do any of these sound recognizable to you? Which one of these perspectives have you encountered? Each pioneer is extraordinary, and no single hypothesis works for all pioneers. Start to build up your own initiative methodology by getting familiar with the accompanying authority speculations. †¢ Great man Trait Behavioral Contingency Transactional Transformational Great Man. Scientists who bolster the Great Man hypothesis accept that individuals are destined to initiative. This may incorporate individuals from eminence, high-positioning military officials and industry heads. Today, numerous individuals despite everything hold this conventional conviction, and despite the fact that this hypothesis may sound oldfashioned, inquire about proposes that a few people have character characteristics, practices and information that loan themselves to administration (Y averbaum and Sherman, 2008). Considering popular illustrious, military or industry pioneers may furnish you with certain instruments that help ou build up your own initiative capacities. Attribute Theory. Like the Great Man hypothesis, Trait hypothesis recommends that the attributes or the character of an individual may make them a viable pioneer. A few scholastics accept that potential chiefs can be spotted by contemplating the character qualities of the individual and coordinating them to the attributes of genuine pioneers. Characteristic hypothesis was nearly relinquished by initiative specialists as administration look into developed, however in the previous scarcely any years, there has been a recharged intrigue and more research identified with Trait hypothesis. Administration attributes incorporate physical or foundation raits, individual or capacity qualities and additionally undertaking or social attributes, for example, †¢ Articulate Committed Decisive Determined â₠¬ ¢ Educated Energetic Integrity Intelligence Persistence Responsible Social Status Self-Confident James Kouzes and Barry Posner, creators of The Leadership Challenge, met 75,000 individuals to distinguish the best ten qualities required in a pioneer. Their rundown incorporates the accompanying attributes: †¢ Broad-disapproved of Competent Dependable Fair-disapproved Forward-looking Honest Inspiring Intelligent Supportive Straightforward All of these qualities are not character raits. Numerous analysts state you don’t must be brought into the world with these characteristics. Truth be told, you can build up a portion of these attributes as a component of your own initiative methodology. Social Theory. Conduct hypothesis centers around what a powerful pioneer â€Å"does. † Leadership isn't something you are brought into the world with, nor do you need a lot of usually acknowledged qualities. In any case, compelling leaderâ ­ transport is subject to the correct con duct. Specialists suggested that for a pioneer to be viable, their conduct must shift with the circumstance. At the end of the day, you can figure out the proper behavior like a pioneer. that coordinate their capacity. The pioneer gives instructing, course, inspiration and prizes for the adherents. †¢ Situational Theory suggests that various circumstances call for various types of authority. This requires the pioneer to change their style to the capacities of their devotees. Value-based Theory. Value-based initiative necessitates that the pioneer and supporter consent to an agreement. The supporter is answerable for following requests to play out an undertaking. The pioneer, thus, provides compensations for following requests in finishing the undertaking. Value-based administration proposes that individuals possibly complete assignments when there are outer prizes. In any case, numerous individuals achieve undertakings and arrive at objectives due to their own inward inspiration. Transformational Theory. Transformational initiative is a procedure wherein the pioneer draws in others, manufactures trust and makes an association that expands the inspiration and profound quality in both the pioneer and the supporter. (Northouse, 2001). A transâ ­ formational pioneer centers around others and their needs so as to assist them with arriving at their latent capacity. From numerous points of view, transformational administration is about a leader’s capacity to make a dream identified with an objective that has importance for both the pioneer and adherent. Customizing Leadership Which of these hypotheses has the most intrigue to you? Compose a portrayal about how and when you would utilize the hypothesis, with whom, where and what abilities you may need to figure out how to be progressively compelling. What hypothesis? Conduct speculations depend on classes of conduct and administration types. The fantasy in this reasoning is that outward conduct is sufficient to build up initiative. During the 1970s, look into discovered the vast majority of the Behavior hypothesis research to be invalid (Howell and Costley, 2001; Yaverbaum and Sherman, 2008); be that as it may, authority conduct is still oftentimes talked about. Possibility Theory. In an increasingly dynamic way to deal with administration, Contingency hypothesis recomâ ­ patches coordinating a leader’s style to the privilege situâ ­ ation, which includes coordinating to the group of individuals and objectives. Two normal Contingency hypotheses are Path-Goal hypothesis and Situational hypothesis. †¢ Path-Goal Theory suggests that compelling pioneers assist adherents with arriving at objectives through inspiration by including them in satisfying and important assignments How would you intend to utilize what you have realized? When will you use what you realized? References and Suggested Reading Bass, B. M. (1990). Bass and Stogdill’s Handbook of Initiative: Theory Research and Managerial Application. New York: Free Press. Howell, J. P. , and D. L. Costley (2001). Understanding Behaviors for Effective Leadership. Seat River, NJ: Prentice-Hall. With whom do you intend to utilize what you realized? Kouzes, J. M. , and B. Z. Posner (2002). The Leadership Challenge. San Francisco:

Bipolar Disorder With Anxious Distress

Bipolar Disorder With Anxious Distress November 20, 2019 Bipolar Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children Your Rights Peter Dazeley/Getty Images Many people who are diagnosed with bipolar disorder also have other psychiatric conditions, including anxiety disorders. But when your anxiety doesnt quite fit into the definition of a specific, well-defined anxiety disorder, your psychiatrist might instead diagnose you as having bipolar disorder with anxious distress. Having bipolar disorder with anxious distress simply means you have bipolar disorder, plus anxiety that interferes with your life but doesnt meet the diagnostic criteria for an anxiety disorder. Overview Psychiatrists and other mental health professionals use the American Psychiatric Associations Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Version Five (abbreviated DSM-V) to attach an official diagnosis to your condition. In this case, bipolar disorder is the diagnosis, and with anxious distress is whats called a specifierâ€"an add-on to the diagnosis that clarifies it or elaborates on it. The specifier with anxious distress is actually new to the DSM with the fifth edition of that manual, which was published in 2013. It was added because mental health professionals thought it was needed in a variety of cases. According to the DSM-V: Anxious distress has been noted as a prominent feature of both bipolar and major depressive disorder in both primary care and specialty mental health settings. High levels of anxiety have been associated with higher suicide risk, longer duration of illness, and greater likelihood of treatment nonresponse. As a result, it is clinically useful to specify accurately the presence and severity levels of anxious distress for treatment planning and monitoring of response to treatment. Symptoms For a psychiatrist to add the specifier with anxious distress, a patients condition needs to include at least two of these symptoms: Feeling tense or keyed up.Unusual restlessness.Worry that makes it difficult to concentrate.Fear that something terrible may happen.Feeling like you might lose control of yourself. The symptoms have to be present most days of the current or most recent bipolar episode, regardless of whether the episode involved manic, hypomanic or depressive symptoms. In so-called anxious distress, severity of the condition is determined by the number of symptoms present: Two symptoms mean  the condition is mild, three symptoms mean  its moderate, four to five symptoms mean  its moderate to severe, and four to five symptoms with ?psychomotor agitation mean  its severe.? Someone can have bipolar I, bipolar II, or cyclothymia with anxious distress. Anxiety Disorders Are Also Possible Even if you have bipolar disorder with anxious distress, you also can be diagnosed with another anxiety disorder. If you get panic attacks, you can be diagnosed with panic disorder, and if youre acutely afraid of a specific object or situation (spiders or flying, for example), then you could be diagnosed with a phobia. When two or more illnesses not related to each other are diagnosed in a single patient, they are called comorbid, which simply means they occur together.

Jews During The Nazi Occupation - 1921 Words

Since the start of the Nazi occupation in Europe, Jewish communities and individuals were struggling with survival, and fought for their existence. Many Jews tried to evade or overcome the degrading Nazi decrees, that stripped them of civil and human rights, triggered isolation and denied them a livelihood. The Nazis simply wanted to create a condition in which no human being, particularly Jewish, can live or even exist. For a long time, the Jews’ view on the sanctity of life, a duty to protect one’s life, encouraged them to endure the period of intense pain and suffering. From past experience, the Jews thought that the terrible events of the Nazis would pass, the same as the pogroms. Over a period of centuries, from the Crusades to the†¦show more content†¦Therefore, the external and internal conditions of the ghettos and concentration camps made it extremely challenging for Jewish resistance. Despite these horrific conditions, the creation of a Jewish militar y organization, fighting in Partisans bands, the death camp revolts, and the ghetto uprisings negate the argument that the Jews of Europe of were passive before the darkest period in modern history, the Jewish genocide. As a whole, the Jews did not accept their death mutely, as sheep to the slaughter. Firstly, the Jews in Europe organized a Jewish military league to resist the Nazi brutality. In Vilna, the first organized Jewish armed resistance arose from the youth movements. After the invasion of the Soviet Union is 1941, two-thirds of the Jewish population of Vilna were deported by the Nazis (â€Å"Jewish Combat Organization.†). Those who survived warned the other Jews of the ordeal awaiting them, which paved the way for the â€Å"First Manifesto†. This document called out for Jewish resistance and was written by Abba Kovner, a future leader of the ghetto fighters in Vilna. The manifesto was directed at the Jews of Vilna and the youth movements, and explained the fate of the ghetto deportees (that they were all killed), Hitler’s plot to â€Å"destroy all the Jews of Europe†, and called for Jewish resistance. This manifesto was significant, as it was the first call for the Jews to arm themselves and resist the Nazis. Not soon after,Show MoreRelated Th e Holocaust Essay1561 Words   |  7 Pageslived in during the Holocaust is described by the personal experiences of the oppressed throughout the story Jack and Rochelle, written by Jack and Rochelle Sutin, and the memoir by Alexander Donat titled The Holocaust Kingdom. The horrifying mindset of the oppressors, particularly the Nazi`s, is illustrated in both books. The vicious and relentless emotional, physical, and psychological abuse the Nazi`s targeted at their victims is depicted in detail. The unspeakable cruelty received by the Jews dramaticallyRead MoreThe Nazi Occupation of Holland977 Words   |  4 PagesThe Nazi Occupation of Holland On May 14, 1940 Holland surrendered to German Forces, and Dr. Arthur Seyss-Inquart was appointed Reichkommissar, the highest governing authority. He watched over a German administration that included many Austrian-born Nazis. These Nazis, in turn supervised the Dutch civil- service. This configuration proved fateful for the Jews of the Netherlands. During 1940, the German occupation officials forbid Jews from the civil-service and required Jews to register the Read MoreDenmark and the Third Reich1137 Words   |  5 PagesDenmark, a small country north of Germany was going about its normal routines as the strength of the Nazis under the Third Reich, the government led by Adolf Hitler, began to grow. Then in an instant it all changed. 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Born in Paris, France in 1933, his father was a Polish-Jew and his mother was Catholic. Polanski’s family moved to Krakow, Poland in 1936. Unfortunately this move would negatively impact the Polanski family, forever. In 1936, the Nazi occupation of Poland began, starting with the invasion Krakow — it is known for being a Jewish city. Having little money and virtually no time to escape, the Polanski

Gothic Literature Gothic Writing - 1929 Words

Southern style gothic literature, which is a smaller genre of Gothic writing as a whole, is particular to the South. This style of literature has similar aspects to Gothic lit. It concentrates on subject matter like afterlife, absurdity, and paranormal while having numerous cryptic, unusual, brutal, and distorted aspects. These aspects are used as tools to explore social issues and reveal the cultural character of the American South (Wikipedia). Authors of Southern Gothic style literature use imperfect characters to amplify the stories they write, and to display more profound focal points of distasteful southern traits. The characters are normally different from others in their society based on their psychological, physical, and or communal disabilities. Nonetheless not all the prospects of the characters are amiss it is more often the case that a mixture of good and bad is found in most of the characters (McFLY) The writers of these stories give the main character a few good attributes; this lends itself to the reader finding compassion and perspective for the character. Some Southern gothic authors are William Faulkner, who wrote A Rose for Emily, and Flannery O Conner, who wrote Good Country People and A Good Man is Hard to Find. William Faulkner s A Rose for Emily is an example of Southern Gothic literature. It covers many prospects of Southern Gothic style writing, like an old unlit home, afterlife, unidentified, freaky events, and Miss.Show MoreRelatedGothic Literature : Gothic Writing1974 Words   |  8 PagesThe history of gothic literature is a discussion of how the classic gothic literature has morphed into today’s contemporary gothic literature. 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He wrote many shortRead MoreThe Qualification of Daphne Du Mauriers Rebecca as a Gothic Novel851 Words   |  3 PagesRebecca as a Gothic Novel One of mankind’s most valuable gifts is the ability to feel emotions and be able to react to them in a variety of ways. One of these emotions can be recognized as horror. Horror can be directly related as an immense sensation of fear, anxiety, and despair. Horror is adored by some and abhorred by others. Most importantly, there exist many sources for frightening media and information. One genre of literature that tends to provide horror can be known as Gothic LiteratureRead MoreGothic Literature : `` Tell Tale Heart `` And `` The Raven ``1698 Words   |  7 Pages2/21/17 Gothic Literature Gothic Literature has been around since the late 17th century, slowly progressing in popularity until the mid 19th century where it had much success demonstrated through Edgar allan Poe. Edgar Allan has a number of common Themes, motifs and structures that make his work easily recognizable and more importantly, fits his stories into the classification of the gothic. Among these elements, they include the theme of death and decay, which is almost always in Gothic fictionRead MoreWhat is meant by the term gothic1187 Words   |  5 Pagesthe term ‘gothic’? How far and in what ways is ‘Frankenstein’ a gothic text? Gothic literature, which is sometimes referred to as Gothic horror, is a genre that links horror and romance into one tale of ‘transgressing the boundaries’. Gothicism was unheard of until the late 1700’s, this movement into a new genre of literature. This was pioneered by the English author Horace Walpole, in his famous fictional book ‘The Castle of Otranto’, or as Walpole alternatively titled it ‘a Gothic story’. HoraceRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe And The Cask Of Amontillado1384 Words   |  6 Pagesremarkable literature writer. 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So therefore, a Gothic motif is a literary symbol that usually combines fiction with either horror or romance. Bram Stoker’s usage of Gothic motifs not only helpsRead MoreGothic Elements In Gothic Literature1023 Words   |  5 PagesGothic Essay #1 Gothic literature’s roots are in the architecture of the dark ages. The buildings were made to intimidate oncoming enemies, because of this it presents the perfect setting for eerie literature such as the Horace Walpole’s Castle of Otranto. Whilst reading gothic literature fear is to be expected, because the nature of gothic is grim( Hutchins). Fear as we know is an emotion that is triggered by one of these three reactions: physical threats, sources of poison and signs of disease(â€Å"Psychology†)Read MoreThe Characteristics Of American Gothic Literature930 Words   |  4 Pagesattraction? Gothic Literature incorporates many unique characteristics that keeps the reader intrigued. 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Strategic Analysis (SWOT and Five Forces) of Amazon Inc Free Essays

1.0 Introduction Amazon.com provides a wide catalogue of products and services to different consumer groups. We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Analysis (SWOT and Five Forces) of Amazon Inc or any similar topic only for you Order Now Below is the detailed analysis of Amazon’s resources, capabilities, distinctiveness and networks. 2.0 Unique Market Position According to Motoko and Stone (2010) Amazon has the distinctive position of being the largest online book seller and e book seller in the United States. Its catalogue has a wide range of products and services for its customers (Amazon.com). It must be noted that this is not a unique offering if compared to its rivals like e-bay, Barnes and Noble, Waterstones and WH Smith. Its distinctiveness comes from two things: Unique position compared to rivals Success of Kindle e reader Amazon possesses a first mover advantage as it has access to vital resources plus ability to develop networks that is very difficult to replicate (Grant 2008). Amazon has a strong brand presence because of its continuous innovation and twenty month head start over its competition. Over a period of time it has acquired vital customer behaviour information, easy demand pattern forecasting and industry standards others have to compete with (Mellahi and Johnson 2000). An added advantage is psychological switching costs because of its early lead. Amazon’s wholesale model is another feature of its uniqueness. Due to this it is able to set consumer prices as Amazon makes wholesale purchases. Competition is suppressed and new entrants face a hard time because of its heavy discounted prices. The Kindle e reader has made a huge presence in the market because of its light weight and soothing continuous readability handling. According to Stross (2010) Kindle lets you do reading perfectly. However competing e readers are providing coloured screens and multitasking features too. A perceptual map highlighting Amazon’s Kindle is shown below: In this figure if we see Amazon’s kindle is placed in the third quadrant which is specialist and black and white screen. 3.0 Micro environment analysis using Porter’s five forces. This has already been discussed in the first question. However bargaining power of buyers and suppliers is not discussed. Bargaining Power of Buyers Bargaining power of buyers is really high as there are many ways to buy books and cd’s online provided the options of Barnes and Nobles website and Apple’s i tunes. But Amazon has a high customer loyalty as it attracts customers by offering low prices (Chaffey 2009). Bargaining Power of Suppliers Amazon has a very favourable relationship with publishers because of the wholesale model it uses allowing it to set the price for the consumer. Some time back when Amazon was not buying directly from main distributors. They wanted to sell the products below market price as Sony and Panasonic didn’t do direct selling. However Amazon had a unique position and advantage as it came up with its own distribution centres. 4.0 Amazon SWOT Analysis Major strength for Amazon is its first mover advantage, access to resources, capabilities, networks that allow them to suppress the competition. This strength feeds into its greater market share and bargaining power with its publishers plus a wholesale model lot leading to high sales volumes. Weakness of Amazon is its very little bricks and mortar presence in comparison to its competitors. Thus, buyer is not able to have a first-hand experience of the product until purchased (Bossman 2010). This can have an effect on the sales of Kindle online as buyers may have some concerns. The proprietary format followed for e books is also a weakness as there is a demand for more choice and scope from customers. Below is a diagrammatic representation of SWOT analysis. 5.0 Strategic Direction With regards to Amazon’s Kindle its strategic direction should be market penetration through more advertising and marketing programs and better price options. Market penetration leads to a high market share and profitability in an identified market (Jobber and Fahy 2006). Amazon can move into the empty quadrant in the figure 1 by providing a coloured screen. This product development approach will make it more competitive in the dynamic market. 6.0 Strategic position-Differentiation or cost leadership Amazon has its strategic position over Kindle by differentiating it and positioning it as a best for reading product in the market. If the market demands Amazon can move into the first quadrant of the perceptual map by conducting more research. This will manoeuvre Amazon in a position that is distinctive, advantageous and in line with consumer needs (Doyle and Stern 2006). Amazon’s market leading position offers resource capability for cost leadership which further complements its price leadership strategy. 7.0 Conclusion It is evident that Amazon occupies a unique position in the market. Amazon currently is focussing on being a market leader in providing a product that is best for reading although acknowledging the craze for colour screen and multipurpose features offered by competitors. Based on its strengths it can focus on market penetration with innovative products and add ons like colour screen plus multipurpose functions. Combining this with its price leading strategy will lead to more growth and profits. References and Bibliography Motoko R and Stone B., 2010. Amazon threatens publishers as Apple looms. The New York Times. Grant R., 2008. Contemporary strategy analysis, Blackwell publishing Mellahi, K and Johnson, M., 2000. Does it pay to be a first mover in ecommerceThe case of Amazon.com. Management Decision [online] Vol.38, Issue 7. , p445, 8p .Available through: Business source complete database. [Accessed 11 March 2011]. Stross R., 2010. The Specialist vs. the Multi-tasker. The New York Times Dave Chaffey. (2009). Amazon.com case study. Available: http://www.davechaffey.com/E-commerce-Internet-marketing-case-studies/Amazon-case-study.[ accessed 12th March 2011]. Bossman J., 2010b. Barnes and Noble planning big push to increase Nook sales. The New York Times Jobber D and Fahy J., 2006. Foundations of Marketing.2nd Edn McGraw-Hill, London. Doyle P and Stern P., 2006. Marketing Management and Strategy.4th Edn. Pearson Education ltd, Harlow How to cite Strategic Analysis (SWOT and Five Forces) of Amazon Inc, Essay examples

Operational Decision Making at the Rotana Jet Company

Company Description Rotana Jet is an Airline Company in the United Arab Emirates operating both Scheduled Airline and Executive Charter services. Rotana Jet aims at improving its services and connectivity not only to the Arabian Gulf region, but also to the entire world.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Operational Decision Making at the Rotana Jet Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In its operations, the company has maintained standard benchmarks in order to enhance safety, quality, and apt customer service (â€Å"Rotana Jet: About Us† par. 2). The Company has a vision of expanding its fleet, capabilities, and route networks as techniques of meeting the frequently changing needs of the market. Simultaneously, Rotana Jet intends to deliver new and innovative services and products to its clients in order to gain competitive advantage over its competitors in the crowded airline industry. Currently, the company operates in Sir Bani Yas Island, Dalma Island, Fujairah and Al Ain, as well as Johannesburg, London and Singapore. Description of Operations The Airline Company has operating bases for domestic services at Al†Bateen Executive Airport and Abu Dhabi International Airport. At Al†Bateen Executive Airport, which is the main operating base, the airline has a Technical Operations division that maintains aircrafts and provides component support for the ERJ145 and G450 aircrafts (â€Å"Rotana Jet: About Us† par. 4).Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More On-site division saves on cost of maintenance and component support as compared to a situation where a company outsources such services. Rotana Jet offers scheduled Airline services in which it has schedule to expand its route network to places like Ras Al Khaimah and Sharjah. The location of the main ai rport is exceptionally strategic to tap both domestic passengers and corporate clients. Since the company operates on flight services, it has moved to add a new Airbus A319ER, which carries 34 more passengers than the legendary Gulfstream G450. At the same time, the company has ensured that it increases output by purchasing 50-seater Airbuses that can fly non-stop from Casablanca to Abu Dhabi (â€Å"Rotana Jet: About Us† par. 7). In using two jets in the Regional Airline Fleet, Rotana Jet is improving the overall output of its services. The overall outputs in the operations are mainly non-tangible, such as high customer satisfaction, high returns on investments, and increased customer loyalty. The airline industry being a service-based industry ensures that it offers quality services to its customers. Supply Chain Decisions Rotana Jet has a well-organised network that handles products and services from the suppliers to final consumers. In this network, the company plans and m anages all activities in collaboration with channel partners, customers, fleet suppliers, and third-party service providers. Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Operational Decision Making at the Rotana Jet Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Figure 1: Rotana Jet Supply Chain Third party service providers in the supply chain are companies that provide other services at the airport such as refreshments, transport, and rooms for accommodation (Hammond, Keeney, and Raiffa 18). They also handle cargos at the airport and even take care of them while on transit. Fleet suppliers are airline construction firms that ensure that the airline company does not have shortage of aircrafts. Suppliers ensure that materials like ticketing machines and other non-strategic materials are available for use by customers. Channel partners, on the other hand, are organisations that cooperate with Rotana Jet to ensure efficiency i n service provision. For example, the Abu Dhabi International Airport management ensures that the runways are decent for landings and take-offs at all time. Customers are the final users of the services in the industry; they interact with the supply manager, as well as third party service providers in pursuit of quality services. The Rotana Jet supply manager in the supply chain coordinates all the activities in the airline industry in a streamlined manner to ensure that the company meets its strategic objectives in the end (Kopczak and Johnson par. 9). To enable Rotana Jet gain competitive advantage in the market, operations manager must rely on effective supply chains. They must understand the needs of the customers and other members in the supply chain in order to increase overall satisfaction for all.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The supply chain can increase the number of passengers, as well as cargo bookings if it is managed properly. In line with the above supply chain, the operational manager will also have to make inclusive decisions that encompass the interests of all the stakeholders in the company (Sanders 26). Markedly, all the stakeholders in the supply chain play vital roles in smooth operation of Rotana Jet. Therefore, the management must take into account their demands when making strategic decisions. From the company’s website, it is evident that the company keeps maintaining customers’ loyalty through cost-cutting moves. For instance, in its promotion, the fare inclusive of taxes from Abu Dhabi to Sir Bani Yas Island is AED 200, but an Airline Company like the Fly Emirates does not access such routes (Taylor and Raden par. 5). This move has enabled Rotana Jet to respond to public requests to serve regions that other airline companies have not accessed. Moreover, in 2012, this air line company became the first Domestic Airline to begin operating between Sir Bani Yas Island and Al†Bateen Executive Airport. At the same time, Rotana Jet intends to expand its networks to remote areas like Sharjah and Ras Al Khaimah. In other areas, the company had to cut cost in order to attract customers to use their services given that there is no difference from other companies. Operational Decisions Among the ten critical operational decisions, the case study discusses location strategy as a key factor in the success of Rotana Jet Company. Based on the services that the company offers, it decided to choose an airport on the outskirts of Abu Dhabi City Centre. The unique location made it suitable for both domestic passengers and corporate clients to access it. Since operational decision-making is an asset for all companies, the company will have to locate other airports in areas that are close to major cities in the world in order to make their decisions great corporate assets (Taylor par. 6). Proximity of airports to town centres increases the number of customers into the premises, and even makes it easy for an airline company to reach the potential consumers. In accessing the untapped market, Rotana Jet went on to set its foot in Dalma Island and Sir Bani Yas Island. In future, the company should move into regions that are near to city centres given the easy accessibility of such regions for all customers. Such decisions will enable Rotana Jet to receive many customers and passengers, thus increasing its volume of business transactions. With flights presenting numerous risks to neighbourhoods, location of future airports should consider nearby buildings, the maximum allowable heights, and distance of such structures from the airport. Since Rotana Jet Company targets to maximise growth and expand its clients’ base in the future, the above decisions on location strategy will help in realising the strategic goals and objectives of the airline company (Taylor and Raden par. 8). Productivity Determining productivity within this industry is measured by comparing the amounts of resources committed towards daily operations and the returns on investment received from the same clients (Hoenig 58). The Company can automate all its services, such as online ticketing of flights and accommodations. This will reduce the cost of maintaining employees who had been dealing with manual bookings. Additionally, there will be no queuing for services, hence increasing efficiency in the end. This reciprocates to increase in ROI. For example, assuming that the total monthly expenses are $300,000 and the gross returns in the same month are $505,000, the company will have a net profit of $205,000, implying that it is productive. When it comes to defining the operational management strategy for the company, one must keep in mind that the company’s productivity depends highly on two basic factors, i.e., the speed of information processing and the quality of the equipment, which predisposes such important aspect of the flight operations as passengers’ comfort and safety. Therefore, it is crucial that two major improvements should be made to the Rotana Jet Company. To start with, information management must be upgraded to the point at which the principles of shared information are integrated into the company’s principles of production process organization. As recent researches say, most misconceptions and misunderstandings leading to major mistakes, which, in turn, can affect the quality of the flight and, in the worst case scenario, claim passengers’ lives, stem from the inaccessibility of information regarding the flight schedule, as well as low speed of information transfer concerning the changes in the flight schedule. Therefore, it is crucial that the information concerning flights, as well as the state of the aircrafts and the results of the recently conducted airplane audits, should be avai lable to every member of the company. More to the point, every member should be made aware of the recent changes that occurred to the flight schedule, which can be achieved by introducing the principles of knowledge sharing. Another nonetheless important aspect that the quality of flights depends on concerns the professionalism of the employees. Firms that constantly engage their employees in trainings, seminars, and workshops do realise growth (Hammond, Keeney, and Raiffa 37). This growth comes in hand with stakeholders’ trust. For example, the move will develop loyalty among customers due to quality service provision. Businesses ought to be proactive and remain focussed on achieving their strategic objectives; therefore, the organizations must be open to learn new ideas to develop new knowledge. The Coca-Cola Company will continue to dominate the soft drink industry over its closest rival Pepsi if I use the above options to improve productivity.It is imperative that the sta ff should be trained regularly and that their skills should be upgraded every year at the very last. With competent staff and updated equipment, Rotana Jet will be able to provide its customers with the services of the finest quality. Works Cited Hammond, John S., Ralph L. Keeney, and Howard Raiffa. Smart Choices: a Practical Guide to Making Better Life Decisions. New York: Broadway Books, 2002. Print. Hoenig, Christopher. The Problem-Solving Journey: Your Guide to Making Decisions and Getting Results. Cambridge, Mass.: Perseus Pub., 2000. Print. Kopczak, Laura Rock, and Eric Johnson. The Supply-Chain Management Effect. MIT Sloan Management Review RSS. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 15 Apr. 2003. Web. Rotana Jet: About Us. Rotana Jet. N.p., n.d. Web. Sanders, Ralph. The Executive Decision-Making Process Identifying Problems and Assessing Outcomes. Westport, Conn.: Quorum, 1999. Print. Taylor, James, and Neil Raden. The Importance and Benefits of Operational Decision Making. Search Business Analytics. N.p., 4 July 2007. Web. Taylor, James. Operational Decision Making as a Corporate Asset. JT on EDM RSS. N.p., 27 Jan. 2010. Web. This case study on Operational Decision Making at the Rotana Jet Company was written and submitted by user Kathleen V. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

AdBlue Fluid and Cleaner Diesel Emissions

AdBlue Fluid and Cleaner Diesel Emissions AdBlue is the German brand name for a clear, non-toxic- though slightly corrosive to some metals- aqueous urea solution used to treat exhaust on  modern clean diesel engines. The generic name for a chemically equivalent solution used in the non-European market (predominantly North America) is Diesel Emissions Fluid (DEF). The primary use of AdBlue and similar DEFs is to be used in conjunction with a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) converter to control oxides of nitrogen (NOx) diesel emissions. On average, NOx emissions are reduced by approximately 80 percent because of this process. How DEFs Work The AdBlue solution is comprised of 32.5 percent high purity urea diluted in distilled water and carried onboard the diesel vehicle in a special independent tank. Under the direction of the onboard computer and a NOx sensor, the fluid is pumped into the exhaust stream at the rate of 2 to 4 ounces to a gallon of ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel (ULSD) consumed. There, in the hot exhaust stack, the urea solution is converted into ammonia (NH3) which reacts with NOx in the exhaust. The resulting chemical breakdown  and re-bonding of the constituent elements of each reactant produce plain nitrogen and water vapor instead of harmful oxides of nitrogen.   Standardized as Aqueous Urea Solution (AU) 32, the AdBlue solution is trademarked to German company the German Association of the Automotive Industry (VDA), but there  is a variety of other DEFs available on the American market including BlueTec by German automotive corporation Daimler AG and the Canadian version H2Blu. How and Where Is AdBlue Replenished? Refilling the AdBlue tank is  not a do-it-yourself task. Although it is possible to purchase the solution at the retail level, it is generally available only through a dealership or service shop. The systems are designed with a capacity of several gallons (seven to ten) which translates into several thousands of miles. Under normal vehicle operating conditions, the DEF tank needs to be refilled only during regularly scheduled maintenance. However, as of 2013, trucks and diesel engine cars have been created to allow users to refill their own DEF tanks. As a result, a number of truck stops and gas stations have begun offering a DEF pump next to the diesel fuel pump. You may even purchase small quantities- or order large containers for commercial use- to keep at home. Although safe to handle and non-toxic, AdBlue can eat through some metals. It is recommended that DEFs be stored at cool temperatures away from direct sunlight and moisture in a well-ventilated area. According to a Cummins Filtration report on the standard, AdBlue freezes at 12 degrees Fahrenheit, but the process of freezing and thawing does not degrade the product as the water in the urea  solution will freeze and thaw as the fluid does.

Writing with Rhythm

Writing with Rhythm Writing with Rhythm Writing with Rhythm By Guest Author This is a guest post by Hugh Ashton. If you want to write for Daily Writing Tips check the guidelines here. When I was substantially younger than I am now, I wrote masses of anguished adolescent poetry. My favorite verse form was the sonnet, a style and format that is maybe little surprising for a teenager to be writing. For those who slept through this part of their English course, a sonnet is a formal 14-line poem with a complex rhyme scheme in iambic pentameter. I no longer indulge in such musings, but I learned many tricks and techniques from writing my sonnets and other poems. First and foremost, writing poetry, especially formal poetry, tells you a good deal about the internal rhythms of the English language. Most of the spoken English language moves to a fundamental iambic rhythm: di-DUM di-DUM di-DUM. Put five of these together and you have a line of blank verse: Now is the winter of our discontent Or Is this the face that launched a thousand ships? Or The stars move still, time runs, the clock will strike, The devil will come, and Faustus must be damnd. In the second line of the last quotation, note how Marlowe breaks the rhythm slightly for emphasis (if you dont slur the word devil into one syllable, that is), and then reverts to the set rhythm for the second half of the line. You dont have to write in this formal style, of course, but you should make yourself aware of the internal stresses in English prose, and how they carry readers through your writing. Until relatively recently (a few hundred years ago), all reading was done out loud everyone read by vocalising the written words. When these rules of internal rhythm are broken, as in this quotation from a camera manual, the result is clotted prose prose which does not flow: Depth of field is the area of acceptable sharpness in front of and behind the subject in focus. The larger the F-number used (from F2.8 to F22), the deeper the depth of field. On the contrary, the smaller the F-number (from F22 to F2.8), the shallower this zone of acceptable sharpness. Its not bad English its free of jargon but its not good either. Another reason why these sentences do not flow is the lack of macro rhythm,the pauses for comprehension (and breath!) in the middle of a sentence. For another example, take this sentence from a recent Pentagon report: There is a crisis of confidence among Afghans in both their government and the international community that both undermines our credibility and emboldens the insurgents. If you read this out loud, its all got to be done in one breath. Theres no pattern to the sentence. By the time youve got to the end, you forget what the beginning was like. Heres a suggested rewriting: The Afghan people are experiencing a crisis of confidence in both their own government and the international community, and this is undermining our credibility, as well as emboldening the insurgents. Not perfect Id probably split this sentence into two but the sentence now has a beginning, a middle, and an end. Note how there is also an implied contrast between the Afghan people and the insurgents in my version that is somewhat lacking in the Pentagon original. Returning to my youthful bad poetry (and here is an example of super-macro rhythm in a piece of writing the thematic tie-up between the start of a piece and the end), the other major thing I learned from writing formal verse was to use a mental thesaurus, and not to be afraid to change the order of my words. I say a mental thesaurus, because a paper thesaurus can be too restrictive; wandering around the canyons of your mind can produce some interesting twists and turns that would never be explored using a printed page. Its all too easy to write bad ungrammatical verse: As on my bed I toss and turn Remembering things I tried to learn But relatively easy to recast these lines into something more grammatical and natural: Im lying wide-eyed in my bed While half-learned facts race round my head By forcing the grammar to be natural, I have also forced myself to think of different words and thereby avoid clichà ©s and hackneyed phrases. It works for prose too. Try to read your work out loud before you submit it. Does it work as a live reading? Does the language flow? Do the sentences hang together? Does the piece have thematic coherency? In other words, have you got rhythm? Hugh Ashton is a writer and journalist who has lived in Japan for the past 21 years. As a copywriter and rewriter of translated material, he has become increasingly pernickety and critical of his own writing and that of others. His latest published work is an alternate history novel, Beneath Gray Skies, which is available from Amazon, etc. Details of the book may be found at beneathgrayskies.com. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Writing Basics category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Synonyms for â€Å"Leader†8 Types of Parenthetical PhrasesCapitalizing Titles of People and Groups

Case Study 7 & 8 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Case Study 7 & 8 - Essay Example Working as a single domain, chopperchassis.com, CCI has two domain controllers one for each facility, and three member servers, one for internal emails and other applications and others are used for CCIs main database. The business layer, as related to the Top-Down Model, has been serving the needs of all staff scattered in two facilities situation in Ohio by the IT Manager. Internet connection was not provided to the staff as such demand has not been made by the staff. Through the TCP/IP protocol, all the 50 employees were provided computers, servers, and routers with private IP address, joining two locations through a dedicated T1 line. Two subnets using the subnet mask have been created by the IT department for connectivity between the two facilities. At the application layer, Microsoft SQL Server is being used to store the main database of CCI. Strict modular separation of functionality at application layer has been provided through the TCP/IP protocol through T1 line and creating subnets. At the network layer, as per the new business requirements to provide access to suppliers and customers of important information related to order processing and supply chain management through extranets while giving due consideration to security and cost reduction, firewall and Network Address Translation (NAT) was recommended to the owner of CCI by its IT head. NAT router made it possible to purchase less IP addresses and provide security by translating the internal IP addresses of employees to external addresses. Thus, through NAT, the NAT router worked as a negotiator between public internet and private network. At the data layer, CCI has in place LAN for faster data transfer through Microsoft SQL server to its database. The technology layer of Ethernet with LAN has provided excellent connectivity among the staff at the two facilities to share resources.

My Life, My Religion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

My Life, My Religion - Essay Example The Bible or the hymn book was my only choices so I choose the storybook. My parents decided to allow me to read, I suppose because it kept me from sleeping or fidgeting. My interest in this very long and difficult to comprehend book grew over time as did the time invested in exploring it. I began reading at home during episodes of boredom. This experience during my early teen years changed my outlook and shaped my philosophy of life. As I read, what I thought was important became rather meaningless. I began to develop a much different set of values than my friends, neighbors, and family. What fascinated me the most were the first four books of the New Testament. I found the words of Christ simple, to the point and ultimately a path to inner contentment. The Bible gave me the foundation of what I have built upon since my youth. Since then, I have read other philosophical and religious books and found they do not contradict, in fact, they support the tenets found in the Bible. Though the roots of my viewpoint begin with the Bible, I do not consider myself Christian, far from it. Most religions I know including and especially Christianity teach that ‘we are the right path to God’ therefore no other belief system is valid. My interpretation of Christ’s words leads me to believe the division is ultimately destructive for the individual and society. Rather, I concluded that inclusion and finding the similarities help bind us all together. The words of Christ allowed me to develop a new viewpoint which teaches the path to real happiness. In my case, this involves thinking in ways that bolster my self-respect, what makes me proud of me. Others, of course, have different views on what makes them happy such as ‘if I make more money, I’d be higher on the social ladder’ or ‘if I had more control over my life, I’d be happy then.’Â  

A Strategic Management In A Global Context Business Essay

A Strategic Management In A Global Context Business Essay Formal Strategic Planning is the process that involves an organisation in the defining of its strategy or direction and making the decisions on how its resources should be allocated in order to achieve this strategy. Formal strategic planning is affected by the macro-environment and this is the highest level layer in the framework, this consists of a wide range of environmental factors that impact to some extent on almost all organisations. The PESTEL framework can be used to identify how future trends in the Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environment and Legal environments might affect an organisation. Pestel analysis provides the broad date from which key drivers to change can be identified. By using these key drivers organisations can envision scenarios for the future. Scenarios can be used to help organisations decide if change needs to happen depending on the different ways in which the business environment may change. It is important for managers to analyse these factors in the present and how they are likely to change in the future. By analysing these, managers will be able to draw out implications for the organisation. Pestel factors are sometimes linked together i.e. technological factors can impact on economic factors. It is necessary to identify the key drivers of change these are environmental factors that are likely to have a high impact on the success or failure of the strategy. Key drivers vary by industry i.e. Primark may be concerned by social changes that can change customer tastes and behaviours. The critical issues are the implications that are drawn from the understanding in guiding strategic decisions and choices. The next stage is drawn from the environmental analysis specifically strategic opportunities and threats for the organisation. Having the ability to identify these opportunities and threats is extremely valuable when thinking about strategic choices for the future. Opportunities and threats form one half of the SWOT analysis that shapes a companys formulation. The use of SWOT analysis can help summarise the key issues from the business environment and the strategic capability of an organisation that are most likely to impact on strategy development. Once the key issues have been identified an organisation can then assess if it is capable to deal with the changes taking place within the business environment. If the strategic capability is to be understood the business must remember that it is not absolute but relative to its competitors. SWOT analysis is only useful if it is comparative, that is it examines strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. SWOT analysis should help focus discussion on the future choices and to what extent an organisation is capable of supporting these strategies. SWOT analysis should not be used a substitute for more in-depth analysis. In responding strategically to the environment the goal is to reduce identified threats and take advantages of the best opportunities. Peter Drucker, discussing the importance of business policy and strategic planning in his book the practice of management says we cannot be content with plans for a future that we can foresee. We must prepare for all possible and a good many impossible contingencies. We must have a workable solution for anything that may come up. http://www.alagse.com/strategy/s1.php By taking advantage of the strategic gap (which is an opportunity in the competitive environment that has not been fully exploited by competitors) organisations can manage threats and opportunities. http://turbo.kean.edu/~jmcgill/assess.pdf http://polisci2.ucsd.edu/snunnari/HBR_on_Strategy_23_41.pdf#page=25 Core competencies are a set of linked business processes that deliver superior value to the customer, when these are combined they create strategic value and can lead to competitive advantage. By using Porters five forces analysis which is a framework for organisations to analyse industry and business strategy, they can draw upon the five forces that determine the competitive intensity and therefore attractiveness of a market. Three of Porters five forces refer to competition from external sources and the other two are internal threats. This analysis is just one part of the complete Porter strategic model the others include the value chain (VC) and the generic strategies. http://hbr.org/2008/01/the-five-competitive-forces-that-shape-strategy/ar/1 According to Porter (2008) the job of a strategist is too understand and cope with competition; however managers define competition too narrowly as if it has occurred only among today direct competitors. Competition goes beyond profits to include competitive forces such as customers, suppliers, potential entrants and substitute products; the extended rivalry that results from all five forces defines an industrys structure and shapes the nature of competition within an industry. For example Apple are good at technology and innovation therefore they can take the opportunities that give them competitive advantage and makes them leaders compared to Samsung or Nokia. Porters says there are 5 forces that shape the competition: Threat of new entrants Bargaining power of customers powerful customers usually bargain for better services which involve cost and investment Bargaining power of suppliers may determine the cost of raw materials and other inputs effecting profitability Rivalry among competitors competition influences the pricing and other costs like advertising etc. Threats from substitutes where-ever substantial investments in RD is taking place, the threat of substitutes is large. It also affects profitability. Competitive advantage is the heart of strategy and for the strategy to succeed the organisation should have relevant competitive advantage. We can see an example of this with Toshiba who operate in electrical goods, through a flexible manufacturing system it manufactures different products / varieties of some products on the same assembly lines. At Ohme it assembles nine varieties of computers on the same line and on the adjacent line it assembles 20 varieties of lap top computers. It is able to switch from one product / variety to another instantly at low cost and makes profits on low volume runs too. This flexibility of Toshiba to respond quickly and easily to the fast changing market demand is definitely one of its competitive advantages. Whereas its competitors make profits only through long volume runs of a particular model. However, there are a lot of companies who are choosing not to invest due to the recession; however Lidl and Aldi are taking advantage of supplying cheaper products giving them competitive advantage over say Waitrose. http://www.mckinseyquarterly.com/Bringing_discipline_to_strategy_1054 Benefits of Strategic Planning Effective strategic planning can positively improve the performance of an organisation and give them the ability to serve more clients, access additional resources or enhance the quality of service/product. It can also offer solutions to major organisational issues or challenges and gives stakeholders of the organisation an opportunity to develop harmonic solutions to long-term issues/challenges that have been affecting the organisation. Furthermore it allows for forward thinking, allowing an organisation the opportunity to pause and revisit the mission and create long-term vision. It allows clear future direction allowing stakeholders to look to the future, plan and respond to changes. Evaluation One of the major drawbacks of formal strategic planning is the uncertain dynamic environment, things change constantly and everything becomes shorter. The recession at the present time is making everything unpredictable and this is not good for strategic planning. According to Mintzberg 1994 strategic planning should be used to devise and implement the competitiveness of each business unit. Scientific management was pioneered by Fredrick Taylor and involved separating thinking from doing and thus creating a new function staffed by specialists. Planning systems were expected to produce the best strategies as well as step by step instructions on how to achieve this, but this never worked well. According to Mintzberg strategic planning is not strategic thinking, the most successful strategies are visions, not plans. When an organisation can differentiate between planning and strategic thinking they can then get back to what the strategy making process should be. Once a manger has the ability to learn from all sources around him, including personal experiences and market research and can integrate this into a vision of the direction that the business can then pursue. Mintzberg suggests that strategic planning is a misconception and rests upon three unsound arguments: that prediction is possible, thats strategists can be detached from the subjects of their strategies, and that the strategy-making process can be formalised. Strategic thinkers can apply lessons learned from Mintzberg (1994) three inherent fallacies of traditional planning: The Fallacy of Prediction is the assumption that we can actually control events through a formalised process that involves people engaged in creative or even routine work and can manage to stay on the predicted course. You need more than hard facts you need the personal touch. People are not objective, they are complex. The Fallacy of Detachment is the assumption we can separate the planning from the doing, if the system does the thinking, then strategies must be detached from the tactics. Formulation from implementation, thinkers from doers. One objective is to make sure senior managers receive relevant information without having to immense themselves in the details. One fact is innovation has never been institutionalised and systems have never been able to reproduce the synthesis created by the entrepreneur or the ordinary strategist and probably never will. The Fallacy of Formulisation suggests that systems could certainly process more information, at least hard information. However they could never internalise it, comprehend it, and put it all together. Such control is more a dream that a reality. Reality tells us that anomalies, the fickle behaviour of humans and the limitations of analysis play a huge factor in the organisational outcomes and to disregard them is risky and could lead to incomplete planning. What are the limitations of strategic planning when things are changing rapidly? http://www.globalfuture.com/planning1.htm The limitations of formal strategic planning can be seen if the future is uncertain and the expectations divert from the plan. There could also be internal resistance to formal strategic planning due to factors including: Information flows, decision making and power relationships could be unsettled Current operating problems may drive out long-term planning efforts There are risks and fears of failure New demands will be placed on managers and staff Conflicts with the organisation are exposed Planning is expensive in time and money Planning is difficult and hard work The completed plan limits choices and activities for the organisation in the future Nicholas ORegan, Abby Ghobadian, (2002) Formal strategic planning: The key to effective business process management?, Business Process Management Journal, Vol. 8 Iss: 5, pp.416 429 http://www.innovation.cc/scholarly-style/fairholm3.pdf

A Proposal to Abolish Grading

In every education system, grading and testing are done simultaneously so as teachers and lectures can know the capabilities of their students and whether they have assimilated what have been taught and used effectively.Most of universities and higher learning institutions as prerequisite of students admission is being tested before granted admission, the system help the universities assessing applicants’ capabilities in correspondence to their applications.The grading system which is conducted after certain amount of academic units covered of students respective courses or subjects, apart from assessing students’ capabilities, also assist them in studying especially for lazy students. When students know that there will be grading for the tests they are going to do, definitely they are going to study hard for it.I tend to differ with Paul Goodman in his proposal to abolish grading as the notion has been much effective for quite some time and has helped most of students scoring good grades even though they were lazy. But to Paul Goodman, who proposed the abolishment of grading take this as bullying students as he argues that â€Å"Many students are lazy, so teachers try to goad or threaten them by grading. In the long run this must do more harm than good.†(Paul Goodman, Mis-Education, 1971).Nevertheless, grading system assist in discovering people weaknesses being students or applicants to the higher learning. Through grading students can be able to spot their weaknesses in accordance with the type of grades they get either low or high. If low then students have an opportunity of knowing how to correct it so as to improve their grades, hence becoming knowledgeable.Despite the good intention the system has, there are setbacks that have been spotted by Paul Goodman as he argues that â€Å"But if the aim is to discover weakness, what is the point of down-grading and punishing it, and thereby inviting the student to conceal his weakness, by fak ing and bullying, if not cheating?†(Paul Goodman, Mis-Education, 1971).In conclusion, even though students might cheat during their assignments, yet they will be working hard in the tests and examinations which will help them study. Grading and testing system still assist students to learn more through the performance of their grades.Reference:Goodman Paul, ‘A proposal to abolish grading’, Mis-Education, (1971), Chapter 10, John Wiley New York   

Rhetorical Analysis Of The Gettysburg Address By Abraham...

Katrina Ta Giang 22 December 2017 AP Language and Composition(7) Mrs. Faumuina Speech Analysis Essay: The Gettysburg Address by Abraham Lincoln â€Å"The Battle of Gettysburg, fought from July 1 to July 3, 1863, is considered the most important engagement of the American Civil War†(History). It was a battle in Gettysburg Pennsylvania, consisting of the Union Army and the Confederate Army. The main purpose behind this battle was due to â€Å"Robert E. Lees plan to invade the North and force an immediate end to the war failed†(ThoughtCo.). At the ending of the battle, victory was on the Union Army’s side, as they won. This battle had then led, at that time, President Abraham Lincoln to give a speech called the Gettysburg Address. The Gettysburg†¦show more content†¦His main purpose was to encourage perseverance, and it could have not been accomplished if he did not appear as trustworthy, honorable, respectful, and appreciative of his men’s bravery, as he did. His choice of word helped him touch his audiences because it created a type of emotional connection between them. The second rhetorical device that was used in this speech was allusion. The statement that Lincoln used was, â€Å"all men are created equal.† It was is an allusion to the Declaration of Independence, which was a piece that was very important to his audience. This statement means that each and every person that was born has the right to pursue anything and everything that they desire to in this world. With everyone being created equally, nobody should have the fear of being usurped by others. He used this quote because he wanted his audiences to feel like they had motivation and dedication to stand up for themselves during that hard time. Another rhetorical device that was used was anaphora. Abraham Lincoln used the word â€Å"we† a lot throughout his speech. He specifically used â€Å"we† a lot because it was meant to emphasize peace and agreement. As I was reading the speech, I had noticed that Lincoln didn’t really use â€Å"I† or â€Å"you† in his speech, which made me infer that he wanted to feel close with the crowd. By choosing that choice of word, it lead the people of the crowd to believe that they should feel the same wayShow MoreRelatedRhetorical Analysis Of Abraham Lincoln s Gettysburg Address1564 Words   |  7 PagesA rhetorical analysis explores nonfictional works and determine if the techniques used make the piece effective (Texas AM University). The Gettysburg Address is one of the most notorious speeches. A rhetorical analysis of this legendary speech would reveal the key components that made it so prominent. The evaluation of the genre, and rhetorical devices, et hos, pathos, and logos, in the speech show how the piece was effective. Abraham Lincoln is one of the most renowned presidents in history. DuringRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Abraham Lincoln s Gettysburg Address 1669 Words   |  7 PagesZoraa Lutas QUESTION 1 Abraham Lincoln speech given at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania on November 19, 1863 was described by Senator Charles Sumner, in 1865, stating â€Å"the battle itself was less important than the speech.† Explain. U.S. President Abraham Lincoln was not given the spotlight at the Soldiers’ National Cemetery on November 19, 1863, and was instead invited to give a few remarks. In fact Edward Everett’s speech would have been the official ‘Gettysburg Address’ was it not for its two hoursRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Abraham Lincoln s Gettysburg Address981 Words   |  4 Pagesstatement in which Abraham Lincoln started â€Å"The Gettysburg Address†.152 years ago, Lincoln delivered this well-known speech in front of an audience who was searching for help during a time of war. Some may believe it was not an inspiration why others will say it was. To some Americans, it might have even brought faith. Just like any other work, this essay was composed of a rhetorical situation and rhetorical devices; which can be broken down into specific factors. The rhetorical situation and devicesRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Abraham Lincoln s Speech939 Words   |  4 Pagesâ⠂¬Å"Four score and seven years ago†¦Ã¢â‚¬  the first six words of the famous speech given by Abraham Lincoln on November 19, 1863. Considering the brevity and simplicity of the speech, this powerful masterpiece has impacted citizens of the United States for generations. By further analysis, I have found a few tricks that give this piece its’ powerful punch. I propose the wise use of timing, emotion and rhetorical devices used in his speech all contributed to creating this legendary dialogue. First, theRead MoreEssay about The Rhetoric of Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address1369 Words   |  6 Pagesincorporates each of them is the address President Abraham Lincoln gave at Gettysburg on November 19, 1863, commonly known as the Gettysburg Address. In Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address, Charmichael suggests, â€Å"Greatness in a speech, like greatness in men, or in events, is usually recognized only when seen through the haze of distance which the passing years bring† (67-68). It is often only in retrospect that great speeches are recognized as just that. Though the Gettysburg Address is already commonly—andRead MoreI Have a Dream Analysis985 Words   |  4 PagesRhetorical Analysis – I Have a Dream. A speech, that will be remembered by many and be passed down from generation to generation, had shaped the future of America by the time Martin Luther King had stepped off the stage on August 28th, as he called for an end to racism in the United States during the March on Washington in 1963. This was one of, if not, the most powerful speech America has seen to this day. A beautiful way to begin! Good job! Martin Luther King stood on that stage with confidenceRead MoreThe Effects Of Imperialism In George Orwells Shooting An Elephant1633 Words   |  7 Pagesclaim and experiences are very relatable today because as long as there are fathers and mothers and families, there are going to be those that re-live the past and create memories that last their families a lifetime, or perhaps even longer.    Process Analysis: Joan Didion, On Keeping a Notebook   Ã‚  Ã‚   In the selection On Keeping a Notebook, Joan Didion uses her experiences in day to day life as a writer in order to demonstrate the importance/methods of keeping a daily notebook. Didion appeals to her audienceRead MoreRhetorical Analysis I Have A Dream767 Words   |  4 PagesShelly Ahmed Deborah Williams Rhetorical Analysis 04 November 2017 â€Å"I Have a Dream† The March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom took place in Washington, D.C. on August 28, 1963. There was about 250,000 people in attendance. It was the largest demonstration ever seen in the nations capital, and the first to have a lot television coverage. 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His speech delivers a powerful message during the Civil Rights Movements by using rhetorical devices of metaphor and allusion. King’s speech was given on August 28th, 1963. His purpose was to endorse freedom for slaves. He begins his speech with the emancipation of the slaves, issued by Abraham Lincoln. Lincoln

Diversifiable or an Undiversifiable Risk - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1219 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/09/14 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? School Name: TUI University Name: Kevin D. Cruise The Course Dept#: Principles of Finance – FIN 301 Module 3 Case Assignment Professor’s Name: Dr. John Halstead Assignment: 1. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Diversifiable or an Undiversifiable Risk" essay for you Create order For each of the scenarios below, explain whether or not it represents  a diversifiable or an undiversifiable risk. Please consider the issues from the viewpoint of investors. Explain your reasoning a. A large fire severely damages three major U. S. cities. b. A substantial unexpected rise in the price of oil. c. A major lawsuit is filed against one large publicly traded corporation. . Use the CAPM to answer the following questions: a. Find the Expected Rate of Return on the Market Portfolio given that the Expected Rate of Return on Asset i is 10%, the Risk-Free Rate is 3%, and the Beta (b) for Asset i is 1. 5. b. Find the Risk-Free Rate given that the Expected Rate of Return on Asset j is 14%, the Expected Return on the Market Portfolio is 12%, and the Beta (b) for Asset j is 1. 5. c. What do you think the Beta (? ) of your portfolio would be if you owned half of all the stocks traded on the major exchanges? Explain. . In one page explain what you think is the main message of the C apital Asset Pricing Model to corporations and what is the main message of the CAPM to investors? Assignment Expectations: The Case report should be a two-page report. Please show your work for quantitative questions. 1. For each of the scenarios below, explain whether or not it represents  a diversifiable or an undiversifiable risk. Please consider the issues from the viewpoint of investors. Explain your reasoning a. A large fire severely damages three major U. S. cities. In this scenario it can be defined as an undiversifiable risk. The companies in these three major U. S. cities are basically victims of circumstance. Let’s take a look at Katrina when it hit Louisiana and Mississippi. While it didn’t affect the whole stock market, it did have a huge impact the economic situation for Louisiana. A large fire would have the same effect as Katrina did. The loss of schools, jobs, homes and businesses was devastating to say the least. Louisiana while they have recovered some over the last 5 years, there is still more recovery that needs to be done. When you have a situation like this you have to remember that it just isn’t affecting a small number of people but thousands possibly millions. Hundreds of people lost their lively hood and had to relocate to new areas and start all over again. For the economic situation of these three major cities, infrastructures have been ruined and have to be rebuilt which takes money and time. The federal government usually has to come to the aid of those cities or states that are effected by this disaster. b. A substantial unexpected rise in the price of oil. Well, we all know firsthand what will happen when we have an unexpected rise in the price of oil. This caused a major economic crisis that we still haven’t recovered from. We lost major automotive companies that have been around for decades because we did not forsee this or weren’t prepared for such an incident. The sudden rise in the price of oil has caused the whole world to relook the automotive industry and we are scrambling to develop alternative motives of fuel sources for our cars. Actually, this is an issue that was brought up 30 years ago but never fully addressed because of greed. We knew that we would run into a situation that could cause us to run low on crude oil which would drive the price up. While some companies were developing alternative sources of energy or fuel to propel our car, it was never really taken serious because we just chose to overlook the issue and continued to build bigger cars. Now, we are faced with a situation which has global repercussions. This is an undiversifiable risk for certain. c. A major lawsuit is filed against one large publicly traded corporation. For this scenario, this would probably be a diversified risk because it is only affecting one sector. It would be bad for that company that has the lawsuit filed against them while their rival may strive or prosper from their downfall. One such company was Enron. Their stockholders took a beating and lost millions of dollars in the process. It had a huge impact on the stock market because of the type of business it was. However, if your portfolio was diversified then you only lost out on that one stock. 2. Use the CAPM to answer the following questions: a. Find the Expected Rate of Return on the Market Portfolio given that the Expected Rate of Return on Asset i is 10%, the Risk-Free Rate is 3%, and the Beta (b) for Asset i is 1. . 3 + 1. 5(10 -3) = 3+ 1. 5(7) = 3+ 10. 5 = 13. 5% b. Find the Risk-Free Rate given that the Expected Rate of Return on Asset j is 14%, the Expected Return on the Market Portfolio is 12%, and the Beta (b) for Asset j is 1. 5. (1. 5 * 14)/ 12= 8% c. What do you think the Beta (? ) of your portfolio would be if you owned half of all the stocks traded on the maj or exchanges? Explain. If I owned half of all the stocks traded, my beta would probably be less than because with a Beta value higher than 1 would cause my stocks to be riskier and would have a greater chance to outperform the market. The more money that I pay for a stock the more the more money I have a chance to earn but it isn’t guaranteed. 3. In one page explain what you think is the main message of the Capital Asset Pricing Model to corporations and what is the main message of the CAPM to investors? For corporations basically the CAPM is saying to them that they have to show investors what makes their company reputable and worth a high stock value. The Beta for corporations basically classifies it as a volatile or non volatile stock. The number of investors or other companies that invest in your corporation says that they believe in your company and what they stand for. The sales is what brings all of that together. The general idea behind CAPM is that investors need to be compensated in two ways: time value of money  and risk. The time value of money is represented by the risk-free (rf) rate  in the formula and compensates the investors for placing money in any investment over a period of time. The other half of the formula represents risk and calculates the amount of compensation the investor needs for taking on  additional risk. This is calculated by taking a risk measure (beta)  that compares the returns of the asset to the market over a period of time and to the market premium (Rm-rf). Investopedia. com. When investing in a company stock you want to look at their earning over the last year or two. Also, look at the number of employees, their sales, outstanding stocks and potential for earning. The more stocks that I purchase means that I think that I have a good chance of earning a lot of money if their stocks goes up in a few months or years depending on how long I am looking to invest in this corporation.